Front 9
RUDIMENTS
OF
MUSIC.
1
By
Joe
S.
James,
for
Original
Sacred
Harp.
Music
i
written
on
five
equidistant,
parrallel,
and
horizontal
straight
lines
and
the
intervening
spaces
which
is
called
a
Staff
.
It
is
sometimes
called
a
STAVE.
This
Staff
can
be
enlarged
when
it
becomes
necessary,
'by
adding
thereto
addi
tional
lines
called
LEDG
BR
LINES
and
their
accruing
spaces,
thus:
Degrees.
Each
of
these
lines
and
spaces
is
called
a
degree.
The
lines
and
spaces
of
the
music
staff
do
not
only
represent
separate
degrees,
but
Separate
numbers
and
dis
tinct
sounds,
and
this
applies
to
added
lines
and
their
accruing
spaces
as
do
the
first
f.ve
lines
and
intervening
spaces.
There
are
therefore
NINE
DEGREES
on
this
music
staff,
Thus:
DEGREE
STAFF.
?
On
this
staff
are
also
placed
the
first
seven
letters
of
the
alphabet,
A,
B,
C,
D,
E
;
v
F,
G,
These
letters
and
the
staff
upon
which
they
are
placed
are
always
stationary
If
the
seven
letters
are
not
sufficient
to
reach
high
or
low
enough
for
the
tone"
repeat
the
letters
as
occasion
may
require,
always
in
their
regular
order.
Lettered
Staff.
NOTE.
In
reconing
the
degrees,
letters,
etc,
of
the
music
staff,
always
coun*
upward.
In
vocal
and
most
instrumental
music
there
are
FOUR
PARTS,
sometimes
only
three,
viz
:
Bass,
Tenor,
Alto
and
Treble.
These
parts
are
sometimes
called
other
names.
When
only
three
parts
are
used,
Alto
is
generally
left
off.
These
variou§
parts
of
music
are
all
included
in
a
character
placed
at
the
beginning
of
the
composition
called
a
~v
BRACE.
TREBLE.
ALTO,
TENOR
.
BASS
I
There
are
SEVEN
PRIMARY
TONES.
For
instance:
When
an
eighth
tone
is
used
it
is
a
reputition
of
the
first
one
of
the
series,
it
is
called
THE
SCALE.
The
the
tones
of
the
scale
named
from
the
FIRST
EIGHT
NUMERALS,
the
lowest
being
ONE;
the
next
above
it
TWO;
the
next,
THREE
and
so
on.;
The
highest
is
called
EIGHT,
the
next
below
it
SEVEN;
the
next
Six;
and
so
on.
The
highest
and
lowest
or
the
distancce
up
and
down
between
any
two
tones
is
called
an
INTERVAL.
There
are
seven
intervals
which
are
of
TWO
KINDS,
LARGER
and
SMALLER
The
smaller
intervals
being
only
half
as
great
as
the
larger,
they
are
called
for
the
sake
of
convenience,
STEPS
and
HALF
STEPS.
There
being
FIVE
WHOLE
STIfPS,
and
TWO
HALF
"STEPS,
the
half
steps
occui^between
THREE
and
FOUR
and
SEVEN
and
IEJGHT.
The
hnman
voice
naturally
makes
a
whole
step
from
One
to
Two;
and
h;om
Two
to
Three
a
whole
step,
from
Three
to
Four
a
half
step,
-
I
''!?
,
.
?
from
Four
to
Five
a
whole
step,
from
Five
to
Six
a
whole
step,
f;om
Six
to
Seven
a
whol6
step
and
from
Seven
tq
Eight
a
half
step.