Front 15
RUDIMENTS
OF
MUSIC.
Continued.
hearing.
When
two
or
more
sounds
are
made
at
the
same
time
and
fully
agree
with
each
other
and
blend
together,
they
are
musical
and
a
succession
of
such
sounds
are
said
to
produce
melody
and
harmony.
When
they
are
ir-
regular
,rough
and
do
not
blend
together
so
as
to
produce
melody
and
harmony
they
are
dominated
common
noise;
grating
sounds.
LESSON
II.
1.
What
distinct
property
has
every
musical
tone
or
sound?
As
above
stated
it
has
three;
it
may
be
long
or
short;
high
or
low;
loud
or
soft.
2.
Tones
or
sounds
in
music
being
long
or
short,
high
or
low,
loud
or
soft,
from
this
arises
how
many
departments
or
known
properties
of
music?
There
are
three
departments.
Some
music
writers
claim
four.
They
are
usually
treated
only
in
three
departments.
3.
Give
the
names
of
the
three
departments.
The
first
is
(1)
Rhythmics,
(2)
Melodies,
(3)
Dynamics.
4.
What
is
rhythmics?
Rhythmics
is
the
division
of
musical
ideas
or
sentences
into
regular
metri-
cal
portions;
represents
the
regular
pulsation
of
music.
It
relates
to
all
in
music
regarding
time.
5.
Of
what
does
it
treat?
It
treats
of
the
length
of
musical
tones
or
sounds
which
are
represented
by
syllables
or
characters
called
notes.
Such
notes
are
placed
on
the
music
staff
in
each
tune
as
may
be
necessary
to
make
the
tune
desired.
Under
its
provisions
and
sub-divisions
it
is
to
music
what
time
is
to
nature.
6.
Does
rhythmics
treat
of
tone
lengths,
notes
and
rests?
Yes.
7.
What
are
the
various
tone
lengths
in
common
use
called
or
named
relatively?
Whole,
half,
quarter,
eighth,
sixteenth,
thirty-second,
dotted
whole,
dotted
half,
dotted
quarter,
dotted
eighth
and
dotted
sixteenth.
8.
How
are
the
y
represented?
They
are
represented
by
syllables
of
different
forms
called
notes,
which
are
named
according
to
the
length
each
represent.
See
length
of
notes
and
rests
as
heretofore
stated.
9.
In
music
there
are
marks
of
rest,
how
do
we
reckon
them?
By
different
characters
heretofore
given.
LESSON
III-MEASURES.
1.
How
is
music
divided
in
relation
to
measures?
Music
is
divided
into
small
portions
called
"measures?"
which
are
sub-
divided
into
accented
and
unaccented
portions.
2.
What
is
a
measure?
It
is
that
division
of
time
by
which
the
movement
of
the
music
is
regu-
lated.
It
is
the
space
between
two
bar
lines
on
the
staff.
3.
Are
there
parts
to
the
measure?
Yes,
the
parts
of
a
measure
are
manifest
by
regular
counts,
pulsation
or
motion
of
the
hand,
called
beats.
4.
How
are
measures
represented?
By
spaces
between
vertical
lines
called
bars,
extended
across
the
staff.
5.
What
is
a
double
bar?
A
double
bar
is
a
broad
bar
drawn
across
the
staff.
6.What
does
it
generally
denote?
The
beginning
and
ending
of
a
line
of
poetry.
7.
What
is
a
close?
The
close
consists
of
two
double
broad
bars
drawn
across
the
staff.
8.
What
is
beating
time?
It
is
indicating
each
pulsation
of
a
measure
by
certain
motion
of
the
hand,
while
engaged
in
rendering
any
composition
in
music.
It
keeps
time
with
the
music.
9.
What
is
a
slur?
A
curved
line
connecting
two
or
more
notes
upon
different
de-
It
is
a
straight
line
connecting
two
or
more
notes
upon
the
same
11.
What
is
the
rule
for
applying
words
when
the
slur
or
tie
occurs?
Apply
one
syllable
of
the
word
to
as
many
notes
as
are
so
connected.
12.
What
are
rests?
Full
answer
and
example
given
under
head
of
Rests.
13.
Staffs
when
connected
by
a
brace
are
called
what?
It
is
called
a
score.
See
example.
14
What
is
the
use
of
a
dot?
It
adds
one-half
to
the
length
of
the
note
or
rest
after
which
it
is
placed.
See
"Dotted
notes,"
page
seven.
15.
How
is
the
repeat
made
and
what
does
it
mean?
It
consists
of
dots
placed
in
the
space
at
the
left
hand
of
a
bar
and
shows
that
the
preceding
passage
is
to
be
repeated.
And
if
the
repeat
is
on
the
right
of
the
bar
it
denotes
repeat.
grees
of
the
staff,
thus:
10.
What
is
a
tie?