Page 8
RUDIMENTS
OF
MUSIC.
Continued.
15.
What
are
the
names
of
the
ecclesiastical
forms
of
vocal
music?
The
Chant,
the
Chord,
the
Hymn,
the
Sentence,
the
Anthem
,the
Motet,
the
Canta,
t
he
Mass
and
the
Oratorio.
16.
What
is
a
Choral?
A
simple
sacred
tune
of
one
or
more
periods,
designed
to
be
sung
in
unison
by
the
congregation
as
an
act
of
divine
worship.
17.
What
is
a
Chant?
It
consists
of
words
recited
to
musical
tones
without
musical
measure.
18.
What
is
a
Sentence?
A
short
Scriptural
text
set
to
music.
It
seldom
extends
beyond
one
or
two
periods.
19.
What
is
a
Mass?
A
sacred
composition
for
voices
with
accompaniment
in
several
move-
ments,
performed
at
the
celebrations
in
the
Roman
Catholic
church.
20.
What
is
a
Canta?
A
composition
for
voices
with
accompaniment
consisting
of
solos
and
choruses.
21.
What
is
a
Glee?
A
composition
of
three
or
more
voices,
generally
of
a
high
and
secular
character.
It
is
of
modern
English
origin.
22.
What
is
a
Hymn?
A
song
of thanksgiving
to
God.
A
choir
tune
of
one
or
two
periods.
23.
What
is
a
Duet?
A
piece
of
music
written
for
two
voices
or
instruments.
24.
What
is
a
Trio?
A
piece
of
music
written
for
three
voices
or
instruments.
25.
What
is
a
Quartet?
A
piece
of
music
written
for
four
voices
or
instruments.
METRE.
1.
What
is
Metre?
Measure
verse
arrangements
of
poetical
feet,
or
long
and
short
syllables
in
force;
the
succession
of
accents
in
music.
2.
What
is
Iambic
or
Iambus?
A
poetical
and
metrical
foot,
consisting
of
one
short
not
accented
and
one
long
accent
in
the
syllable.
3.
What
is
an
Anepest?
A
music
fort
consisting
of
two
short
notes
or
syllables
and
a
long
one.
The
following
letters
apply
to
the
different
tunes
in
music:
C.
M.
means
Common
Metre;
a
stanza
of
four
lines
in
Iambic
measure.
The
syllables
of
which
are
8-6-8-6.
L.
M.
means
Long
Metre,
four
lines
in
Iambic
measure,
each
line
containing
eight
syllables.
S.
M.,
Short
Metre,
consists
of
four
lines
in
Iambic
measure,
6-6-8-6.
S.
P.
M.
means
Short
Particular
Metre,
consisting
of
six
lines
in
Iambic
measure,
but
the
syllables
are
as
follows:
6-6-8-6-6-8.
P.
M.,
Particular
Metre.
The
poem
or
words
have
peculiarities
or
ir-
regularities
which
prevents
it
from
being
classified.
Such
poems
or
words
require
their
own
special
tunes.
L.
P.
M.,
Long
Particular
Metre,
6
lines,
in
which
Iambic
measure,
each
line
containing
eight
syllables.
M.
H.,
Metre
Hallelujah.
A
stanza
of
six
lines
in
Iambic
measure,
the
syllables
of
which
being
6-6-6-6-8-8.
C.
M.
H.,
Common
Meter
Hallelujah.
A
stanza
of
six
lines
in
a
meas-
ure,
syllables
8-8-6-8-8-6.
C.
P.
M.,
Common
Particular
Metre.
A
stanza
of
six
lines,
Iambic
meas-
ure,
the
syllables
in
each
being
8-8-6-8-8-6.
C.
M.
D.,
Common
Metre
Double.
Eight
lines
of
Iambic
measure.
M.
T.
means
metre
12's,
designated
at
12-12,
consisting
of
a
stanza
of
four
lines
in
anapestic,
each
line
containing
twelve
syllables.
Metres
8
and
7s,
consisting
of
four
lines
in
trochaic
measure,
syllables
8-7-8-7.
Metres
11,
consisting
of
four
lines
in
anapestic,
each
line
containing
eleven
syllables.
Metres
7s,
consists
of
four
lines
in
trochaic
measure,
each
containing
seven
syllables.
Metres
6
and
7s
consists
in
numbers
7-6-6.
Metre
10
and
11
generally
consist
of
four
lines
of
anapestic
measure,
the
numbers
being
10-10-11
11,
or
six
lines
in
Iambic
as
follows:
10-10
10
10-11-11.
SIGNS
USED
IN
MUSIC.
A
dot
above
or
below
a
note
or
rest
signifies
staccato.
(It.)
(Star-
ka-to.)
Detached,
distinct,
separate
from
each
other.
A
dot
after
a
note
or
rest
is
a
sign
of
length.
A
dash
a
bove
or
below
a
note
signifies
staccato,
as
above.
A
slur
bind
tie
is
a
curve
drawn
over
or
under
two
or
more
notes,
signifying
that
they
are
to
be
executed
legato.
A
slur
over
two
notes
is
called
a
short
slur.
In
vocal
notation
it
covers
a
number
of
notes
to
be
sung
in
one
breath.
Crescendo.
(It.)
(Kre-shendo.)
Denoting
an
increase
power
of
tone,
and
is
often
indicated
by
the
sign.
Diminuendo.
(It.)
(De-me-noo-en-do).
Diminishing
gradually
the
intensity
of
power
of
the
tone
and
Rinforzando,
accented.
(It.)
(Rin-for-tsan-do.)
Strengthened;
reinforced;
a
reinforcement
of
tone
or
ex-
pression,
indicating
that
either
a
single
note
or
chord
or
several
notes
are
to
be
played
with
emphasis,
although
not
with
the
suddenness
of
a
Sforzando
Forzando
or
Sforzato,
accented.